Late Permian Epoch
(Upper Permian, Zechstein, Lopingian, Tatarian)
From 260.4 +/- 0.7 To 251 +/- 0.4 Ma
Start Defined By: Conodont, lowest occurrence of conodont Clarkina
postbitteri (Mei & Wardlaw); and termination of a major global sea-level
lowstand
End Defined By: Conodont, lowest occurrence of Hindeodus parvus; termination
of major negative carbon-isotope excursion. About 1 myr after peak of
Late Permian extinctions.
Start Based On: Gradstein, Ogg, Smith, _A Geologic Time Scale 2004_
End Based On: Gradstein, Ogg, Smith, _A Geologic Time Scale 2004_
Comment: In two Epoch models of the Permian, the entire Middle Permian is
added to the Late Permian.
-- A Substage of --
Eon: Phanerozoic (542 - -5.5012e-005)
Era: Paleozoic (542 - 251)
Period: Permian (299 - 251)
Regional Stage: Thuringian (270.6 - 251)
-- Preceeded By --
Epoch: Middle Permian (270.6 - 260.4)
ICS Stage: Capitanian (265.8 - 260.4)
European Stage: Kazanian (270.6 - 260.4)
New Zealand Stage: Braxtonian (270.6 - 260.4)
-- Followed By --
Era: Mesozoic (251 - 65.5)
Period: Triassic (251 - 199.6)
Epoch: Early Triassic (251 - 245)
ICS Stage: Induan (251 - 249.7)
Regional Stage: Griesbachian (251 - 250.4)
-- Contains the Following Stages --
ICS Stage: Wuchiapingian (260.4 - 253.8)
ICS Stage: Changhsingian (253.8 - 251)
New Zealand Stage: Waiitian (260.4 - 253.8)
New Zealand Stage: Makabewan (253.8 - 251)
North American Stage: Ochoan (260.4 - 251)
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