Ludlow Sub-Epoch
From 422.9 +/- 2.5 To 418.7 +/- 2.7 Ma
Start Defined By: Imprecise. Just below base of local acritarch
Leptobrachion longhopense range zone. May be near base of
Neodiversograptus nilssoni graptolite zone.
End Defined By: Graptolite, lowest occurrence of Monograptus parultimus.
Start Based On: Gradstein, Ogg, Smith, _A Geologic Time Scale 2004_
End Based On: Gradstein, Ogg, Smith, _A Geologic Time Scale 2004_
-- Overlaps With --
Chinese Stage: Guandian (425.5 - 422)
North American Stage: Niagaran (438 - 421.3)
North American Stage: Cayugan (421.3 - 416)
-- A Substage of --
Eon: Phanerozoic (542 - -5.5012e-005)
Era: Paleozoic (542 - 251)
Period: Silurian (443.7 - 416)
Epoch: Late Silurian (422.9 - 416)
Australian Stage: Melbournian (428.2 - 416)
-- Preceeded By --
Epoch: Early Silurian (443.7 - 422.9)
Sub-Epoch: Wenlock (428.2 - 422.9)
ICS Stage: Homerian (426.2 - 422.9)
Regional Stage: Gleedonian (425.4 - 422.9)
-- Followed By --
Sub-Epoch: Pridoli (418.7 - 416)
-- Contains the Following Stages --
ICS Stage: Gorstian (422.9 - 421.3)
ICS Stage: Ludfordian (421.3 - 418.7)
Chinese Stage: Miaogoalingian (422 - 418.7)
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