Late Oligocene Sub-Epoch
(Upper Oligocene)
From 28.4 +/- 0.1 To 23.03 +/- 0.05 Ma
Start Defined By: Planktonic foraminifer, extinction of Chiloguembelina
(base Zone P21b).
End Defined By: Base of magnetic polarity chronozone C6Cn.2n; lowest
occurrence of planktonic foraminifer Paragloborotalia kugleri; near
extinction of calcareous nannofossil Reticulofenestra bisecta (base Zone
NN1).
Start Based On: Gradstein, Ogg, Smith, _A Geologic Time Scale 2004_
End Based On: Gradstein, Ogg, Smith, _A Geologic Time Scale 2004_
-- Overlaps With --
Australian Stage: Janjukian (30 - 27.5)
Australian Stage: Longfordian (27.5 - 16.5)
New Zealand Stage: Whaingaroan (33.9 - 28)
-- A Substage of --
Eon: Phanerozoic (542 - -5.5012e-005)
Era: Cenozoic (65.5 - -5.5012e-005)
Period: Paleogene (65.5 - 23.03)
Epoch: Oligocene (33.9 - 23.03)
Californian Stage: Zemorrian (33.5 - 22)
Informal Sub-era: Tertiary (65.5 - 1.806)
North American Stage: Arikareean (30.5 - 19)
-- Preceeded By --
Sub-Epoch: Early Oligocene (33.9 - 28.4)
ICS Stage: Rupelian (33.9 - 28.4)
-- Followed By --
Period: Neogene (23.03 - -5.5012e-005)
Epoch: Miocene (23.03 - 5.332)
Sub-Epoch: Early Miocene (23.03 - 15.97)
ICS Stage: Aquitanian (23.03 - 20.43)
New Zealand Stage: Otaian (23.03 - 21)
-- Contains the Following Stages --
ICS Stage: Chattian (28.4 - 23.03)
New Zealand Stage: Duntroonian (28 - 27)
New Zealand Stage: Waitakian (27 - 23.03)
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